| Peripheral Neuropathy |
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Peripheral Neuropathy Some cancer patients may experience peripheral neuropathy, which is a disorder of the peripheral nerves. These nerves are located outside of the brain and spinal cord. They generally control the sensations and movements of the arms and legs. Some peripheral nerves are connected to digestion, breathing, and other involuntary functions. Symptoms of the disorder vary depending on which nerves are damaged. Typically symptoms begin at fibers that are farthest from the center of the body called sensory nerves. Fingers, toes and feet are generally affected, and then eventually feet and hands. Those suffering from peripheral neuropathy may experience:
 Who is affected by peripheral neuropathy? Peripheral neuropathy most likely affects chemotherapy patients. Certain chemotherapy drugs are more likely to cause the disorder. The use of a platinum drug in combination of a taxane drug is known to greatly increase the risk of peripheral neuropathy. Although radiation and surgery can also cause the disorder, it is considerably less often than chemotherapy.  What causes peripheral neuropathy? Damage to sensory nerves is the main cause of peripheral neuropathy. Chemotherapy drugs and radiation can cause damage to these nerves. Surgery may also cause damage.  When do patients experience peripheral neuropathy? When a patient experiences peripheral neuropathy can vary from during treatment to months later. Short-term peripheral neuropathy arises during or shortly after taking of a platinum-based drug and usually resolves after several days. This is also known as acute peripheral neuropathy. Long-term peripheral neuropathy, also known as chronic, may occur weeks or months after treatment. Unfortunately, chronic peripheral neuropathy is sometimes permanent. The dose and combination of chemotherapy drugs play a significant role in whether the disorder is acute or chronic. Also, peripheral neuropathy related to radiation therapy may not occur until months or years after treatment.  Managing Peripheral Neuropathy Patients can manage peripheral neuropathy by protecting against nerve damage, exercise, and pain medicines. Physicians can give patients substances designed to protect against nerve damage from chemotherapy. Exercise can ease discomfort and strengthen muscles. Pain medications can also be used to help patients. However, physicians will change a patient's cancer treatments if symptoms continue or become severe. Chemoprotective agents are substances, which can help prevent nerve damage. However, these substances are effective for some people and do not work for others. These agents include various substances, including glutamine, amifostine, and vitamin E. A physician should be consulted to determine what is appropriate for each situation. Exercise can relieve some pain and strengthen muscles. In the morning, patients should perform stretching exercises, which can help minimize pain related to neuropathy. Isometric exercise will aid in maintaining balance and walking ability. A physical or occupational therapist can aid in creating an exercise program and design easier methods for patients to complete everyday tasks. Pain medications can also be beneficial. These medications may include corticosteroids, topical medications, and opioids. Corticosteroids must be used only for a short period of time. Topical medications, such as a lidocaine patch, are used to numb painful areas. In cases of severe pain, physicians may also prescribe opioids. Antidepressant drugs have also been found to relieve pain from the disorder. Other methods of pain relief used are massage, acupuncture and transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation, also known as TENS. This method uses a small electrical device with electrodes attached to the skin. A gentle current is transmitted into painful areas, which stimulates endorphins, which is the body's natural defense against pain. Some lifestyle changes can be made to help manage peripheral neuropathy. Patients suffering from peripheral neuropathy should avoid snug shoes or socks. Extreme temperatures may also worsen symptoms. Regular exercise, such as walking is also beneficial. Also, safety precautions also need to be observed, since decreased sensation in hands and feet could cause injury. Patients should be extra careful to watch the floor as they walk. While driving, it is important for patients to sure their feet can feel the pedals.  When should a doctor be consulted about peripheral neuropathy? Upon the first symptoms of peripheral neuropathy one should call a physician. It is important to treat the disorder as early as possible. This offers the best chance of effectively managing the disorder and maintaining quality of life. |